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Eponymous lawsPart V

Sturgeon's Law

90% of everything is crap.

Sturgeon's Law illustration

Theodore Sturgeon, science fiction writer, 1957. Originally a defence of science fiction against critics: yes, 90% of science fiction is crap, but 90% of everything is crap, including the highbrow literature you're using as a comparison.

The principle generalises broadly. 90% of business books are crap. 90% of startups are crap. 90% of meetings are crap. 90% of online content is crap. The remaining 10% is what's worth your time.

For operators, the practical version is to be selective. The 90% will eat all your time if you let it. The 10% is what compounds. Most consumption decisions improve when you assume Sturgeon's Law and demand evidence the thing is in the top 10% before engaging.

Examples in the wild

Operating

Most consulting deliverables, training programs, and management books fall into Sturgeon's 90%. The 10% that's genuinely useful is worth seeking out.

Investing

Most investment opportunities you'll see in a career are mediocre. The discipline of waiting for the top 10% (see [too-hard-pile]) is what produces outperformance.

Everyday life

Most TV, most news, most social media is in the 90%. Your time is finite. Demand evidence something is in the top 10% before consuming it.

Sturgeon's Law is one of the mental models we apply through real cases inside the Pareto MBA — a part-time program for professionals who want to think clearly about business.